Types of Documentary
Observational documentaries attempt to simply and spontaneously observe lived life with a minimum of intervention.
The first observational documentaries date back to the 1960s; technology developments made them possible such as mobile lightweight cameras and portable sound recording equipment for synchronised sound.
Often, this mode of film includes voice-over commentary, synchronised dialogue and music, or re-enactments. This type of documentary is to be viewed as real life situations that do not have major editing or abstract styles.
4 Main Types:
Participatory documentaries believe that it is impossible for the act of filmmaking to not influence or alter the events being filmed. Not only is the filmmaker part of the film, we also get a sense of how situations in the film are affected or altered by their presence. The encounter between filmmaker and subject becomes a critical element of the film.
Reflexive documentaries draw attention to their own constructedness, and the fact that they are representations. They prompt us to "question the authenticity of documentary in general." It is the most self-conscious of all the modes, and is highly skeptical of 'realism'. It may use Brechtian alienation strategies to jar us, in order to 'defamiliarise' what we are seeing and how we are seeing it.
Performative documentaries stress subjective experience and emotional response to the world. They are highly personal, unconventional, perhaps poetic and/or experimental, and might include enactments of events designed to make us experience what it might be like for us to possess a certain specific perspective on the world that is not our own. This subgenre might also lend itself to certain groups (e.g. women, ethnic minorities, gays and lesbians, etc.) to 'speak about themselves.'
Expository documentaries speak directly to the viewer, often in the form of an authoritative commentary employing voiceover or titles, proposing a strong argument and point of view. These films are rhetorical, and try to persuade the viewer.
Bibliography:
- https://www.google.com/search?ei=qUHQXLeEPaWS1fAPk9qG-AI&q=expository+documentary&oq=expositi+documentary&gs_l=psy-ab.1.0.0i13l2j0i7i30j0i13l7.478039.479182..480893...0.0..0.68.453.8......0....1..gws-wiz.......0i71.DH3P689zUkc
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Documentary_film
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